The relevance of the work is justified by the rapid growth in the development of the space industry in recent years, in particular, the development of solar cell technology designed to power aircraft in near-Earth orbit or beyond. It is important to study the degradation of porous silicon-based solar cells. It has proven itself to be a more radiation-resistant structure. A comparative analysis of the current-voltage characteristics of photosensitive structures based on porous silicon with a p-n junction coated with and without erbium fluoride is presented before and after irradiation with electrons with an energy of 6 MeV, as well as after three months of storage to record changes that may occur over time. The structures were obtained by electrochemical etching in an alcoholic solution of hydrofluoric acid by two-stage metal-stimulated chemical etching. The results obtained show that the result of the effect of electron radiation on photosensitive structures depends both on the
parameters of the structure itself and on the radiation parameters. Electron irradiation initiates the formation of alloying centers and recombination centers in structures. It is shown that irradiation of structures leads to competing processes in porous structures (an increase in charge carriers, the formation of radiation defects such as Frenkel pairs). The applied thin film of erbium fluoride on the porous layer has a noticeable positive effect on the characteristics and parameters of structures due to the passivating properties of this material.

By the method of Picus and Beer invariants, general expressions were obtained for the full intensity I and the degree of circular polarization of the Pcirc photoluminescence of GaAs-type semi-conductors in a longitudinal magnetic field H with the participation of small acceptor levels. Special cases are analyzed depending on the value and direction of the magnetic field strength, as well as on the sign of the Zeeman constants of the g-factor of the acceptor g1, g2 and the electron of the ge conduction band. In the case of a strong magnetic field H // [100], [111], [110] the numerical calculation of the angular dependence of the values I and Pcirc is performed for some critical values of the g2/g1 ratio, at which Pcirc reveals a sharp anisotropy in the range from –100 to +100 %, and the intensity of the crystal radiation along the magnetic field, it tends to a minimum value. It is shown that with a weak magnetic field, there is an angular dependence for the total intensity, but it does not manifest itself in the degree of polarization of the radiation. In the case of a strong magnetic field, the character of the angular dependencies I(), Pcirc() is determined by the sign of the ratio of the g-factors ge/g1 and g2/g1. An experimental study of the dependences of the intensity and degree of polarization of luminescence in a magnetic field caused by the optical transition of free electrons to the level of a small acceptor on the orientation of the vector H in the crystal allows us to find the values of the constants g1 and g2, as well as to establish some characteristic features of radiation. 

When setting the classical problem of coupled dynamic thermoelasticity, as a rule, a quasi-stationary or locally equilibrium model is used, in which temperature changes throughout the entire volume of the body are small, the deformation of a physically small volume linearly depends on displacement. The connection of heat transfer with displacement is carried out by adding a term proportional to the rate of change of deformation of the body to the equation of thermal conductivity, and a term proportional to the temperature gradient to the wave equation. One of the main disadvantages of this model is the infinite velocity of temperature propagation and deformation and the inability to describe fast processes with large amplitudes of temperature change and displacement. Using modified formulas of empirical Fourier and Hooke laws, which take into account the rates of change of moving forces –causes (temperature gradients and displacements) and their consequences (heat flux and stress), a mathematical model of coupled dynamic thermoelasticity under heat shock conditions is obtained. The model includes an interconnected system of nonlocal equations of thermal conductivity and dynamic thermoelasticity, which takes into account the dual-phase delay in thermal and thermoelastic problems, as well as the resistance of the medium to the process of changing its shape as a result of temperature deformation. The analysis of the obtained analytical solution of the model showed that deformation and temperature propagate in a medium with similar velocities.  

The paper proposes the concept of complex modeling of plasma spraying of coatings based on powdered polymer materials. A physical and mathematical description of the process is presented by dividing it into several main stages, complex modeling of all stages of plasma spraying with end-to-end data transmission from one stage to another. The plasma spraying process was divided into the following stages: generation of a plasma jet; introduction of the sprayed powder into the plasma jet, its heating and acceleration; interaction of the plasma jet and molten powder particles with the base. The temperature distribution of the open plasma jet is obtained by approximating experimental data for various types of plasma installations, plasma torch designs and their operating modes. The velocity of the powder particles was determined taking into account Newton’s law. The heating and melting of polymer particles during movement in a high-temperature gas jet was reduced to solving the Fourier-Kirchhoff differential equation of thermal conductivity in spherical coordinates. The formation of a polymer layer during plasma deposition is represented using the Madezhsky expression. The result of modeling the plasma process is information about the nature of deformation of molten powder particles upon impact with the base, the thickness of the deposited coating, its porosity, the strength of the adhesive compound, etc. The developed computer model makes it possible to optimize the technological modes of applying plasma polymer coatings. The software and mathematical complex is used to study and optimize the spraying process of epoxy coatings. When comparing the calculated and experimental data, a conclusion is made about the adequacy of the developed mathematical model. The technology of plasma spraying of powder polymer coatings is proposed for painting large-sized vehicles, including SkyWay transport (unimobiles), which is impossible by traditional powder spraying methods.

Hypereutectic Al – Si alloys play an important role in industry and in the field of wear resistance of materials. The paper investigates the hypereutectic alloy Al – 15 % Si, subjected to combined processing in various modes. Coatings were analyzed using the following methods: scanning electron microscopy (SEM); scanning electron microscopy (TEM); X-ray phase analysis; measurement of microhardness. Experimental data show that the  introduction of Al – Y2O3 improves both the morphological and mechanical characteristics of the composite. The phase analysis demonstrated a variety of structures and sizes of different phases in the studied material. It is important to note that the average micro-strength of the coating increased by 1.5 times compared to the substrate,which indicates a successful increase in strength characteristics due to changes in the structure of the material. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed that the crystalline cells mainly consist of Y3Al2, while the intermediate layers are formed by Y2Si2O7. These compounds are known to have increased thermal stability and strength, which greatly contributes to improving the operational characteristics of the material. The use of an intense pulsed electron beam led to the formation of a multiphase submicro- and nanocrystalline structure in the surface layer. This process contributes to a significant increase in microhardness. As a result, the structure of the material becomes more stable under loads, which significantly increases its durability and reliability under operating conditions. These results confirm the expediency of using combined methods of non-equilibrium surface modification of materials and products, which can significantly increase the productivity and efficiency of using such materials in various fields of industry. 

The problem of assessing the residual life of long-running technical devices of hazardous production facilities is relevant for technical diagnostics and industrial safety examination. Currently, complex approaches are used for these purposes, including cumbersome calculation algorithms, analysis of the results of non-destructive and destructive tests, as well as metallography. Thus, resource assessment is a labor-intensive process that does not always provide the necessary accuracy of the results obtained due to the summation of various types of errors (calculations, equipment, human factor). The obtained values of mechanical characteristics cannot be fully ap-plied to equipment that is operated for a long time at elevated temperatures, since they were determined at room temperature and at relatively high strain rates and, thus, are short-term. Therefore, dependencies were ob-tainedthat are a transition from short-term mechanical characteristics determined at room temperature to long-term mechanical characteristics, which are characteristics of heat resistance and more accurately describe the behavior of the metal during long-term operation under conditions of high temperatures and pressures. The work revealed the features of the formation of zones of stable localization of deformations for structural and heat-resistant steels with different long-term strength during short-term tests. The established effect of differ-ences in time intervals from the onset of deformation to stable localization of deformation and the effect of equality of time intervals from stable localization of deformation to failure of samples with different long-term strength. On the one hand, the difference effect can be used to assess the long-term strength of a metal, on the other hand, the equality effect can be used to assess the residual life of long-term power equipment.

The effect of hydrogen absorption on the nature of destruction and mechanical characteristics of Ti ‒ 6Al ‒ 4V titanium alloy during operation in a hydrogen-containing medium at normal temperatures has been studied. The main mechanism of the hydrogen embrittlement process for (α + β) titanium alloys is described, which consists in the separation and subsequent decomposition of brittle hydride phases. In the course of the study, it was established that during the operation of samples from the alloy under the given composition and parameters of the operating environment there is a saturation of the metal with hydrogen, as evidenced by the increase in its content in the material after operation in comparison with the sample in the initial state. The mechanism of destruction of a metal sample saturated with hydrogen during operation in a hydrogen-containing medium is shown. The fracture surface morphology of the investigated specimen is characteristic of brittle fracture type. Large crater-shaped defects, signs of erosion and cracking are present on the surface of the sample near the fracture zone. The fracture structure is characterized by the presence of “saw teeth”, an extensive system of secondary micro-cracks and their interaction with the main crack is observed, which is a characteristic manifestation of hydrogen embrittlement of a titanium alloy. Near the fracture surface of the sample, degradation of the microstructure is observed, manifested in the formation of micro voids at the interface of the α/β phases initiating destruction. An increase in the microhardness of the metal of the part of the destroyed sample that was in direct contact with the working medium was found to be 35-38%, which may be due to the distribution of finely dispersed titanium hydrides in the region under consideration, which were formed as a result of hydrogen absorption of metal.

One of the promising methods for increasing the performance characteristics of parts of the hot path of gas turbine engines is to change the physicochemical properties of the surface layers of the base material through the use of radiation beam technologies, namely pulsed electron beam processing (EBP). The paper examines the results of modification by an electron beam of samples cut from the locking part of the rotor blades (RB) of the high-pressure turbine (HPT) of the ground-based gas turbine compressor GTK-10-4 after operation for 37,444 hours, made of a heat-resistant nickel-based alloy ХН65ВМТЮ without protective coating. The variable processing parameter was the electron beam energy density Es, which was Es = 15, 25 and 35 J/cm², the duration of its exposure τ, as well as the number of pulses N did not vary. Measurement of the microhardness and nanohardness of the modified layers, as well as the study of the tribological characteristics (friction coefficient µ and wear rate of the surface layer Vis) of the surface of the treated samples made it possible to determine the optimal EPO mode from those considered, the energy density at which was Es = 15 J/cm². Suggestions have been put forward about the possible reasons for the degradation of the tribological properties of the surface layer of the alloy relative to the initial state after EPB in other modes, related to the resulting structure of the modified layers and the presence of cracks and volumetric defects in it. The main provisions of the theory of directional crystallization under conditions of multicomponent alloy and high cooling rates of the surface layer have been confirmed. The impossibility of using pulsed EPB in mass production conditions as an independent finishing method of processing was noted. The use of this technology is possible only if certain modes are used with subsequent grinding necessary to level the developed microrelief of the treated surface, as well as remove the metal layer in the amount necessary to eliminate surface cracks.

The factors influencing the service life of the lining of filling vessels have been determined. The methods of increasing the durability of the lining of casting ladles of ferroalloy production are investigated. Several variants of compositions for protecting the lining from contact of liquid metal and slag are given. Drying after repair (manufacture) of the lining of filling buckets in a special drying chamber, in which heat generation is realized by burning diesel fuel, leads to the fact that about 80% of the heat is released into the atmosphere and moisture is not completely removed from the refractories. The main data on the effect of heating the lining of ferroalloy ladles on its service life and the safety of the molten metal casting process are indicated. Various designs of  drying and heating stands for filling buckets are considered, and their comparison is performed. The choice of stand design depends on the specific production conditions, including resource availability, bucket capacity and dimensions, safety requirements and environmental standards. The application of protective coatings on the refractory lining and the use of an electric or plasma stand design for drying and heating filling buckets are the most modern solutions that reduce production costs, ensure optimal mechanization and automation of the technological process while complying with established industrial safety requirements with minimal environmental impact. 

Currently, the development of ferrousmetallurgy is movingtowards the construction of mini-factoriesoperatingon the basis of electric steelmakingwith the use of scrapas the mainraw material.Theformat under consideration differs radicallyfrom the classicalscheme of integratedplants. The newschemegivesspecialists a relativefreedom of action,allows them to effectivelycompetewith giants,reachingthesameorlowerlevel of productioncosts.Anoverview of existingmini-factoriesin the RussianFederation is presented. The industrialexperienceand the achieved performance indicatorsof the OskolElectro-MetallurgicalCombine,whichis the firstenterprise of non-miningmetallurgyoperatingusingpre-metallizedraw materials, arereviewed.Theeconomicprerequisites for the construction of mini-electric steelmakingplantsinRussia are presented,basedon a comparison of the characteristics of integratedmetallurgicalplantsandmini-plantsoperatingonscrap metal. The process of obtainingdirect reduction iron by Midrex,whichaccounts for abouthalf of theproductioncapacityof metallized pelletsandbriquettes, is brieflydescribed, and itsmainadvantages are noted. The processofobtainingmetallizedraw materials for electric steelmaking is carried out usingconvertiblenaturalgas, the dynamics of pricesincomparisonwithelectricityprices is analyzed.An optimal scheme of domestic electric steelmaking production is proposed using metallized iron ore concentrate, steel scrap and liquid cast iron as raw materials. A variant of remelting rich iron ores in the production of cast iron and high-carbon steels, which are widely used in the mining, chemical and metallurgical industries, is described.

Using hot modeling technique for conditions of combined blowing of the converter bath with feeding of stirring neutral gas through the bottom, the features of chemical and temperature heterogeneity of the melt, features of parameters of the reaction zones formed and mechanisms of macro-physical processes occurring during metal blowing were studied. When processing the obtained experimental data, numerical values of effective diffusion coefficients and thermal diffusivity coefficients were obtained as characteristics determining the possibilities of increasing the efficiency of blowing and mixing of the converter bath. The established features of the converter bath behavior, features of processes in the reaction zone and other areas of the bath during combined blowing confirm the possibility of increasing the efficiency of blowing and mixing of the melt, and, consequently, reducing chemical and temperature gradients.

In order to substantiate the possibility and expediency of producing magnesium-containing fluxes from local raw materials, which are embedded in converter slag using the technology of applying slag garnishing to the lining of oxygen converters, a set of studies has been conducted. The indicators of the process of acidic leaching of magnesium oxide from the waste of the enrichment of serpentine-magnetite hands of the Abagur sintering plant, including the patterns of influence of the type of acids used, their concentration, pulp temperature and granulometric composition of the initial waste, are studied. According to the obtained patterns, the degree of extraction of magnesium oxide from serpentine when used for leaching hydrochloric, sulfuric and nitric acids increases with an increase in their concentration from 5% to 20%, and with a further increase in the concentration of these acids changes slightly and, in some cases, in different directions. It is shown that an increase in pulp temperature from 30 °C to 80 °C significantly increases the degree of extraction of magnesium oxide from serpentine, all other things being equal, and a further increase in pulp temperature up to 110 °C no longer has a significant effect on the degree of extraction of magnesium oxide. A significant effect of increasing the degree of grinding of serpentine on the degree of extraction of magnesium oxide from it, regardless of the type of acid used, other things being equal, has been established. Additionally, studies of the kinetics of the acid leaching process under consideration confirmed the significant effect of an increase in temperature on an increase in the degree of extraction of magnesium oxide from serpentine, and also established the effect of an increase in the duration of the process under consideration on its effectiveness. Based on the conducted research, variants of technological schemes for the complex processing of serpentine-magnetite ores are proposed, including the leaching of magnesium oxide from serpentine, followed by neutralization of the mother liquor and extraction of valuable components from it.

During hot-dip galvanizing of so-called "reactive" steels containing about 0.1 % (by weight) of silicon, the formation of a zinc coating is observed. To control the thickness of the zinc coating on steels, the Technigalva technology is widely used, which is the microalloying of the zinc melt with nickel in an amount of 0.05 % (by weight). Despite the popularity of the technology in question, in some cases defects form on the surface of the coating in the form of a stuck "grain". The purpose of this work was to study the structure and phase composition of zinc coating defects formed in a zinc melt with nickel microadditives, as well as to analyze the causes of their 

occurrence and find ways to prevent their formation. The microstructure of the coating in the area of defects was studied using a scanning electron microscopy. It is shown that the high-quality coating consists of standard intermetallic G-, δ- and ζ-phases, coated with a solid zinc solution with the n-phase. In the area of the defect in the n-phase, inclusions of regular geometric shape are observed, the location and dimensions of which indicate that they adhere to the coating at the moment of attraction of the product from the melt. The identification of the phase composition of inclusions was carried out using EDS (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) and EBSD (Electron backscatter diffraction) analysis. It was found that the inclusions are a ζ-phase (isomorphic to FeZn₁₃), containing about 0.8% (by weight) nickel. It is shown that the main causes of the formation of the "grain" defect are the appearance of floating waste particles in the melt caused by contamination of the zinc melt with iron, as well as a local excess of the recommended nickel concentration. Methods of preventing defects of the considered type of species during hot galvanizing are proposed.

Volumetric samples of a high-entropy alloy of nonstoichiometric composition were produced by the method of wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). In this work, the methods of modern physical materials science have been used to analyze the elemental and phase compositions, defective substructure and tribological properties of the HEA surface layer formed as a result of irradiation with a pulsed electron beam with different electron beam energy densities (10 – 30 J/cm²) in an argon medium. It is shown that irradiation does not depend on the energy density of the electron beam and leads to fragmentation of the surface by a network of microcracks, which indicates an increased fragility of the alloy under study. The homogenization of the alloy and the formation of a submicro- and nanocrystalline structure are noted. The thickness of the modified layer increases from 0.8 to 20 µm with an increase in the energy density of the electron beam from 10 to 30 J/cm². The correlation of changes in nanohardness and modulus of elasticity with the results of measuring microhardness has been established. The correlated decrease in micro- and nanohardness and Young’s modulus indicates relaxation of the internal stress fields formed during the manufacture of the alloy. Electron beam treatment has little effect on tribological properties, but significantly increases the strength and ductility of the material. The highest value of the compressive strength of 2179 MPa was obtained in an alloy treated with an electron beam with an energy density of 30 J/cm². The conditional yield strength for compression was 522 MPa, and the Young’s modulus was 257 GPa.

The influence of geopolitical factors on the Russian economy, as an economy deeply integrated into international systems of interstate and trade relations, global trends in the transition to a green economy, and the sanctions imposed on industrial sectors in Russia force large industrial companies to rebuild production to meet the requirements of the time. Most large enterprises are committed to achieving sustainable development based on the principles of ESG – achieving a level of economic growth, taking into account increasing staff satisfaction and environmental conservation. The instability of the coal industry in the last year requires an increase in the efficiency of coal mining enterprises. Human resources are one of the most important components of the effective functioning of any enterprise in order to achieve the necessary production results. However, the low unemployment rate in Russia as a whole, and the insufficient number of qualified workers can negatively affect the work of enterprises, and, as a result, the economic and social development of the region of presence. The problem of shortage of qualified personnel is particularly acute in Kuzbass, which is associated with a high outflow of the able-bodied population from the region, the prerequisites of which are an insufficiently high level of economic, social and cultural development in the region. In the current situation, it is not enough to attract qualified personnel, it is also necessary to retain them and involve them in the production processes of the enterprise in order to maximize returns. The main objectives of this work were to identify the distinctive features of the socio-psychological portrait of an employee of Kuzbass coal mining enterprises, the formation of which is influenced by the specifics of the coal mining industry as a whole, the peculiarities of the functioning of coal mining enterprises in the Kemerovo region, the socio-economic situation in the region. Accurate compilation of a socio-psychological portrait of an employee will allow us to develop the most effective strategy in the field of human resource management at the mining enterprises of the Kuzbass coal industry.

Based on the study of the essence, principles and regulatory framework of the management of working capital and liquidity of the organization, the importance of effective management of the current assets of the organization is shown, ensuring the investment of current activities, reducing the risks of loss of financial stability and income growth activities. Using the example of a specific organization of the Kemerovo region  – Kuzbass, the peculiarities of working capital management of small enterprises in the field of research and development are reflected: the lack of need to form and maintain the necessary level of reserves; a high proportion of accounts receivable; work with counterparties on the terms of payment deferral. The analysis of the financial condition, financial stability, business activity, content and operating conditions of the organization’s working capital and liquidity management system made it possible to identify reserves for improving the efficiency of working capital management. A study of the accounts receivable management process has shown that in the event of an overdue debt, the organization's employees implement a set of measures for pre-trial settlement of the conflict and, if necessary, bring the case to trial. At the same time, preventive actions in the organization are carried out in insufficient volume. The lack of consolidation of certain functions for managing accounts receivable for specific employees of the organization and insufficient use of available information sources for preliminary analysis of counterparties was revealed, which led to a decrease in the efficiency of turnover capital management. Based on the results of the research, recommendations have been developed to increase profitability while maintaining an acceptable level of liquidity of the enterprise, which, in turn, will lead to an increase in the organization’s income, asset turnover and free cash.

On December 14, 2024, Vladimir Dmitrievich Sarychev, a candidate of technical sciences and associate professor, turned 70.

Vladimir Dmitrievich deals with the problems of the impact of heterogeneous plasma flows obtained using an electric explosion of foil: data on plasma expansion were obtained; a mechanism for obtaining surface-periodic structures based on the development of thermocapillary instability was proposed, which made it possible to develop a method of electroexplosive alloying. In the 90s, V.D. Sarychev obtained data on magnetic pulse processing and presented preliminary theoretical calculations. At the same time, a model of filtration plasticity based on the theory of heterogeneous media was proposed, and studies were carried out on the dynamic theory of elasticity for crack propagation.

During his career, he has proven himself to be a qualified and efficient worker, he is the organizer of classes on solving non-standard problems in physics and mathematics, and has also repeatedly led the SibGIU teams - participants in regional and republican Olympiads in physics and mathematics. A characteristic feature of Vladimir Dmitrievich is his extraordinary approach to solving complex physical problems. He has been repeatedly awarded certificates for conscientious creative work. In 2022, V.D. Sarychev was awarded the medal "For the Worthy Upbringing of Children".

On November 30, former Vice-Rector of the Siberian State Industrial University, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Vladimir Yakovlevich Zellermayer passed away at the age of 76.

All of his scientific, teaching and administrative activities are connected with the Siberian Metallurgical Institute (now SibGIU), where he rose from an engineer in the capital construction department, assistant in the department of "Construction production, water supply and sanitation" to Vice-Rector for capital construction and administrative and economic work and professor of the construction faculty. In 1989, Vladimir Yakovlevich defended his candidate's dissertation at the Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. "A graduate" of the scientific school of SibGIU "Strength and plasticity of materials under external energy impacts", in 2000 he defended his doctoral dissertation in metal science and heat treatment of metals.

The results of his research have found application both in industry and educational institutes in studying the nature of metal and alloy shaping, and in a number of metallurgical and mechanical engineering enterprises. These works have become widely known and have been implemented with significant economic effect in enterprises of the Siberian region.