Metallurgy and Materials Science
The classical scheme of the agglomeration process by the suction method is characterized by uneven heat distribution along the height of the sintered layer: a lack of heat in the upper horizons of the layer, excess - in the middle and especially lower horizons of the layer. It should also be noted that the bulk density of the charge is uneven along the height of the sintered layer and with a single-layer loading of the charge increases from top to bottom. Thus, an agglomerate of unsatisfactory strength is obtained in the upper part, and remelting of the lower part of the pie with reduced recoverability also occurs.
Mining and Geotechnology
Molasses are the most typical example of sedimentary formations. Their reality and the need to distinguish them as independent complexes are obvious regardless of the attitude to formational analysis as a scientific method. Molasses are extremely widespread and, according to some estimates, make up up to a fifth of the surface of the continents. However, questions related to their internal structure, position in the general sedimentary sequence and especially genesis still require clarification. In particular, an essential prerequisite for this is the accumulation in recent years of a huge amount of new data concerning both the molasses themselves and the tectonic features of the regions of their distribution.
With the increase in the depth of coal deposit development in mines, the risk of emergency situations caused by methane outbreaks, endogenous fires, etc. increases. During the period 2013-2015, several types of accidents were recorded during operation and mine rescue operations in the Kuzbass mines: "fire" - OOO "Alardinskaya Mine" (03/28/13); "methane outbreak" - ZAO "Raspadskaya Coal Company" (05/06/13); "methane outbreak" - OAO "Bolshevik Mine" (07/28/13); "fire" - OOO "Osinnikovskaya Mine" (06/21/2014); "collapse" - OOO "Osinnikovskaya Mine" AO "RUK" (05/22/2015); "endogenous fire" - JSC Raspadskaya-Koksovaya (21.08.2015).
The Kuznetsk coal basin is characterized by very high tectonic disturbance. The impact of disjunctive disturbances on the productivity and safety of underground mining operations is caused by the formation of hazardous zones, which are characterized by increased release of methane, water, unstable roof rocks, the edge of the seam, a decrease in the strength of coal and wall rocks, as well as an increase in their fracturing. Coal squeezing, swelling of the rocks of the preparatory workings, intensive formation of "sandwiches" and "domes" of roof rocks, etc. are often observed. In this regard, additional labor and material costs associated with the implementation of measures to ensure the stability of roof rocks and heterogeneous pillars increase. The safety of mining operations in zones of influence of geological faults of the rupture type is provided for by the development of special projects or measures, which are regulated by the “Regulations on the procedure and control of safe mining operations in hazardous zones”.
Currently, all coal mines in the coal fields of the Yerunakovsky geological and economic district are opened with inclined shafts. One of the main stages of the construction of inclined shafts is the construction of their mouths. Difficult mining and geological conditions determine the choice of the method of conducting the estuary, on which both the construction time and the level of safety depend. Great importance is given to carrying trunks in sediments (weak unstable and waterlogged rocks) to bedrock. For example, at the Kostromovskaya mine, in difficult mining, geological and hydrogeological conditions, the construction of the mouth of an inclined shaft in the sediments was delayed for months; construction was accompanied by rock falls and the destruction of supports over an extended area.
Architecture and construction
When working on the project of a new type of school, we proceeded from the fact that it was necessary to create a comfortable, safe and free space in which a child would want to study. Modern architecture combines images from the boldest dreams and technical achievements of mankind.
The urban environment is a complex functional-spatial system of inseparably connected parts of the city. In this system, both buildings and structures, as well as the space of streets, intersections and squares, interact equally. In addition, this system includes many other components: from unique works of monumental and decorative art to standard elements of urban equipment and improvement.
Ecology and rational use of natural resources
Waste from coke-chemical production (CCP) has about 25 names. Waste is in solid and liquid states. In recent years, with the transition to a market economy, chemical products of coking are increasingly losing their consumer properties and are considered waste. The bulk of waste (about 90%) is utilized in the coking batch.
Specially protected natural areas (SPNA) are areas of land, water surface and air space above them, where natural complexes and objects are located that have special environmental, scientific, cultural, aesthetic, recreational and health significance. These areas of land are withdrawn from economic use by decision of state authorities in whole or in part, and for which a special protection regime has been established.
Education and Pedagogy
A pressing problem is the lack of clear principles for the formation of the educational and methodological framework of the educational program, represented by educational programs, textbooks, teaching aids, methodological guidelines, etc., within the framework of the competence-based approach to quality management of education.
Humanities
In the diversity of polymorphic relations in culture, as studies of cultural phenomena show, values represent the central category of culture. Of greatest interest is the analysis of the values of science as an integral part of culture, since the role of the latter in the modern world is only growing, and the interaction of science and culture (non-science, in particular philosophy, religion, art) is intensifying.
Social sciences
In the Constitution of the Russian Federation, in Chapter 1 “Fundamentals of the Constitutional System”, there is Article 7, which states: “The Russian Federation is a social state whose policy is aimed at creating conditions that ensure a decent life and free development of man”. The interpretation of the status of a social state is given in Chapter 2 “Rights and Freedoms of Man and Citizen”. Article 39 in the first part defines the position of the state in relation to its citizens in creating conditions that ensure a decent life from the point of view of material wealth, affirming the guarantee of “social security”.
Labor potential is one of the most important factors of economic growth and innovative development of society. Development of labor potential is a key condition for growth of living standards of the population.
Responses, Reviews, Biographies
February 18, 1966 marks the 50th anniversary of the birth of the head of the Department of Materials Science, Foundry and Welding Production, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Nikolai Anatolyevich Kozyrev.
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