ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗРАБОТКИ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ: ВЫСОКОЭНТРОПИЙНЫЕ СПЛАВЫ

Сформулирована одна из основных задач современного физического материаловедения по разработке и изучению высокоэнтропийных сплавов последнего поколения. Приведен краткий обзор последних публикаций по перспективным направлениям создания и применения высокоэнтропийных сплавов. Определен набор высоких эксплуатационных характеристик высокоэнтропийных сплавов для использования в современных наукоемких отраслях промышленности: износостойкость, прочность и ударная вязкость, химическая, радиационная и коррозионная стойкость, низкая плотность, сверхпластичность и сверхтекучесть, высокая и низкая теплопроводность, диффузионное сопротивление, низкотемпературный коэффициент сопротивления, экологичность и др. Указаны области перспективного применения высокоэнтропийных сплавов в ядерных реакторах, аэрокосмических двигателях, газо- и нефтепроводах, морских конструкциях, компьютерах и электронных устройствах. Отмечено, что многие высокоэнтропийные сплавы могут быть использованы в продукции двойного назначения. В качестве примера рассмотрено предложение по созданию тонкопленочных высокорезистивных материалов с низким температурным коэффициентом сопротивления методом спиннинга. Получена лента из высокоэнтропийного сплава Кантора неэквиатомного состава и исследованы ее свойства. Высказано и обосновано предположение о дальнейшем развитии высокоэнтропийных сплавов.

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