STRUCTURE FORMATION OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON GRADE 2 TITANIUM ALLOY BY FRICTION STIR PROCESSING WITH ADDING OF COPPER, NICKEL AND ALUMINUM POWDERS

The paper studies the characteristics of structure formation in composite materials with a metal matrix based on Grade2 titanium alloy during friction stir processing with the adding of powder particles of copper, nickel and aluminum. The obtained results indicate a complex and heterogeneous character of plastic flow of metal along the contour of the tool during processing with the adding of powders of different metals and their mixture. During processing, a rather inhomogeneous structure with uneven distribution of powders in the volume of the stir zone is formed. Powder particles react with titanium matrix to form a number of intermetallic phases of different composition. At the same time, homogeneous dispersion of mixtures of powder materials with formation of complex intermetallics was not achieved. In the stirring zone, in the areas enriched with the mixture of added powders, the formation of a heterogeneous mixture of initial powders and intermetallics based on them is observed, without any reaction between them and the titanium matrix. The most enriched hardening particles based on the added powders are located in the sub-shoulder region of the stir zone, its lower part and the advancing side. The retreating side of the stir zone is depleted in the hardening phases. With the processing parameters used, 4 tool passes were not sufficient to ensure a homogeneous distribution of intermetallic phases in the stir zone. Mechanical properties of the samples are at a low level due to the formed inhomogeneities. Plasticity of the obtained composites does not exceed 1.0‒1.5 %. The highest values of the ultimate strength (680 MPa) and yield strength (620 MPa) are characteristic of the most homogeneous in structure samples modified by processing with powder particles of copper, nickel and aluminum in the ratio 1:1:1. 

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