APPROACHES TO INCREASE THE DURABILITY OF THE LINING OF CASTING LADLES OF FERROALLOY PRODUCTION

The factors influencing the service life of the lining of filling vessels have been determined. The methods of increasing the durability of the lining of casting ladles of ferroalloy production are investigated. Several variants of compositions for protecting the lining from contact of liquid metal and slag are given. Drying after repair (manufacture) of the lining of filling buckets in a special drying chamber, in which heat generation is realized by burning diesel fuel, leads to the fact that about 80% of the heat is released into the atmosphere and moisture is not completely removed from the refractories. The main data on the effect of heating the lining of ferroalloy ladles on its service life and the safety of the molten metal casting process are indicated. Various designs of  drying and heating stands for filling buckets are considered, and their comparison is performed. The choice of stand design depends on the specific production conditions, including resource availability, bucket capacity and dimensions, safety requirements and environmental standards. The application of protective coatings on the refractory lining and the use of an electric or plasma stand design for drying and heating filling buckets are the most modern solutions that reduce production costs, ensure optimal mechanization and automation of the technological process while complying with established industrial safety requirements with minimal environmental impact. 

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