THE USE OF ELECTRO-EXPLOSIVE ALLOYING AND ELECTRON BEAM TREATMENT TO HARDEN THE SURFACE OF TITANIUM

Modification of the surface layers of products made of metallic materials is accompanied by a change in performance characteristics: hardness, wear resistance, and heat resistance increase. Currently, laser processing, electron beam and plasma alloying, including electro-explosive alloying, are used to modify the surface. The application of modern methods of surface hardening using concentrated energy flows (such as electro-explosive alloying and electron beam treatment) is especially relevant for local effects on titanium and titanium alloy products. The aim of the work was to identify the formation of structural and phase states during electro-explosive alloying and electron beam surface treatment of technically pure titanium grade VT1-0 from the point of view of increasing functional properties for practical use. The developed method for hardening the titanium surface includes electro-explosive carburization and subsequent electron beam treatment of the alloying zone. The features of each method determine the choice of processing modes. The thermal processes during these treatments have been studied, taking into account the specifics of each method, which makes it possible to reasonably choose the treatment modes. The effect of electron beam processing modes on the microhardness of the surface layers, the formation of maxima in the depth of the alloying zone, and a multiple increase in the microhardness of the surface layers has been established. The features of the structural and phase states and the mechanisms of hardening of the surface layers of technically pure titanium during electroexplosion carburization and subsequent electron beam treatment are revealed. A gradient multiphase structure is formed in the treatment area, the thickness of the layers of which correlates with the depth distribution of microhardness. Based on the experimental data obtained, it is concluded that the combined surface treatment of technically pure titanium grade VT1-0, combining electro-explosive carburization and subsequent electron beam treatment of the alloying zone, provides an increase in microhardness and depth of the hardening zone.

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