THERMODYNAMIC ASPECTS OF THE POSSIBILITY OF TITANIUM OXIDE REDUCTION DURING ELECTRIC ARC SURFACING

It is shown that titanium-coated powder wires are widely used for surfacing steels with high wear resistance. It is determined that in the calculations it is necessary to take into account the thermodynamic factor, which makes it possible to assess the chemical affinity between the substances that make up the welding (surfacing) materials and the most likely ways of chemical transformations, taking into account all possible reactions and states of the reagents. It is indicated that it is necessary to consider the possibility of forming a number of oxide non-metallic inclusions that are not characteristic for temperatures of electric steelmaking processes. A comparative assessment of the thermodynamic properties (∆_rH°(T), ∆_rG°(T)) of reactions with titanium in the metal oxide – titanium system under standard conditions is given. The thermodynamic properties of [∆_rH°(T), ∆_rG°(T)] reduction reactions of FeO, Fe₃O₄, Fe₂O₃, MnO, SiO₂, Cr₂O₃, Al₂O₃, CaO, MgO oxides with titanium (45 reactions) in metal oxide – titanium systems under standard conditions with the formation of TiO oxides were evaluated, Ti₂O₃, Ti₃O₅, Ti₄O₇, TiO₂. It is shown that the reactions of titanium with calcium and iron oxides are most likely to occur and, accordingly, the greatest heat release, while the least probability of occurrence and, accordingly, heat release is observed during the reduction of silicon and aluminum oxide. Reactions with manganese and chromium oxides occupy an intermediate place. The reduction reaction of magnesium oxide with titanium is not possible without an additional source of heat. The calculation of the thermodynamic properties of the reactions showed that the use of titanium as a solvent for electric arc welding with a powder wire is quite acceptable.

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