<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsgiu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Сибирского государственного индустриального университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Siberian State Industrial University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304 - 4497</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-1710</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.57070/2304-4497-2025-3(53)-115-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsgiu-728</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Раздел 2. Металлургия и материаловедение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Section 2. Metallurgy and Materials Science</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЫСОКОЭНТРОПИЙНЫХ СПЛАВОВ И ОБЛАСТЬ ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>STUDY OF HIGH-ENTROPY ALLOYS AND THEIR APPLICATION FIELDS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1532-9226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дробышев</surname><given-names>Владислав Константинович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drobyshev</surname><given-names>Vladislav K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник научно-исследовательской лаборатории электронной микроскопии и обработки изображений</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher at the Research Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Image Processing</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vestnicsibgiu@sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-8660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>Сергей Валерьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор, проректор по научной и инновационной деятельности</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof., vice-rector for Research and Innovation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konovalov@sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1631-9644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панченко</surname><given-names>Ирина Алексеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panchenko</surname><given-names>Irina A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., заведующий научно-исследовательской лабораторией электронной микроскопии и обработки изображений</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Scientific Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Image Processing</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.r.i.ss@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирского государственного индустриального университета</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>115</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дробышев В., Коновалов С., Панченко И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дробышев В., Коновалов С., Панченко И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Drobyshev V., Konovalov S., Panchenko I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/jour/article/view/728">https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/jour/article/view/728</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены современные направления исследований высокоэнтропийных сплавов (ВЭС), включая их фундаментальные аспекты, методы изготовления, упрочнения, а также области их применения. Проанализированы основные механизмы формирования микроструктуры и фазового состава ВЭС, подчеркивается центральная роль высокой конфигурационной энтропии в стабилизации однофазных твердорастворных структур и создании уникальных свойств, превосходящих традиционные сплавы. Систематизированы четыре основных направления исследований: термодинамическое обоснование фазообразования, микроструктурные трансформации, механические и функциональные свойства, а также разработка новых классов сплавов и легирующих концепций. Особое внимание уделено комплексному анализу различных методов производства ВЭС, начиная от традиционных плавочно-литейных технологий (вакуумная индукционная плавка, вакуумно-дуговой переплав, электрошлаковая плавка) и порошковых методов до современных инновационных аддитивных подходов (селективное лазерное сплавление, электроннолучевое плавление, лазерная наплавка). Показано, как различные технологии синтеза обеспечивают контроль над микроструктурой, размером зерен и фазовым распределением. Рассматриваются механизмы упрочнения ВЭС (твердо-растворное и осадочное упрочнение наночастицами), а также создание гетерогенных структур и упрочнение дефектами, что позволяет достигать оптимального сочетания прочности и пластичности. Обозначены основные области практического применения ВЭС — от аэрокосмической и энергетической промышленности до биомедицинского оборудования, защитных покрытий и каталитических применений. Подчеркивается растущее значение ВЭС в экстремальных условиях эксплуатации благодаря их термостабильности и коррозионной устойчивости. В заключительной части определены перспективные направления дальнейших исследований, включая развитие методов масштабирования производства, стандартизации материалов и использования вычислительных моделей для ускоренной разработки новых композиций. Подчеркивается необходимость междисциплинарного подхода, объединяющего передовые технологии производства с фундаментальными исследованиями, что открывает широкие перспективы для успешного внедрения ВЭС в высокотехнологичные сферы современной промышленности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the current research directions in high-entropy alloys (HEAs), encompassing their fundamental aspects, processing routes, strengthening mechanisms, and application fields. The primary mechanisms governing the formation of the microstructure and phase composition in HEAs are analyzed, emphasizing the central role of high configurational entropy in stabilizing single-phase solid solutions and enabling the development of unique properties that surpass those of conventional alloys. The review systematically consolidates four primary research domains: the thermodynamic principles of phase formation, microstructural transformations, mechanical and functional properties, and the development of novel alloy classes and alloying strategies. Particular emphasis is placed on a comparative analysis of various HEA manufacturing methods, ranging from traditional melting and casting technologies—such as vacuum induction melting, vacuum arc remelting, and electroslag remelting—to powder metallurgy routes and modern innovative additive approaches, including selective laser melting, electron beam melting, and laser cladding. The study demonstrates how these diverse synthesis techniques enable control over microstructure, grain size, and phase distribution. The strengthening mechanisms of HEAs are examined, including solid-solution strengthening and precipitation hardening by nanoparticles, as well as the creation of heterogeneous structures and defect-mediated strengthening. These mechanisms are shown to be key to achieving an optimal balance of strength and ductility. The principal areas of practical HEA application are outlined, spanning the aerospace and energy industries to biomedical devices, protective coatings, and catalytic applications. The growing importance of HEAs for service under extreme conditions is highlighted, owing to their exceptional thermal stability and corrosion resistance. In conclusion, the review identifies promising avenues for future research, which include the development of scalable production methods, material standardization, and the implementation of computational models for the accelerated design of new compositions. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высокоэнтропийные сплавы</kwd><kwd>микроструктура</kwd><kwd>осадочное упрочнение</kwd><kwd>электронная микроскопия</kwd><kwd>фазовый состав</kwd><kwd>механические свойства</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>high-entropy alloys</kwd><kwd>microstructure</kwd><kwd>precipitation hardening</kwd><kwd>electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>phase composition</kwd><kwd>mechanical properties</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ye Y., Wang Q., Lu J., Liu C., Yang Y. High-entropy alloy: challenges and prospects. Materials Today. 2016;19(6):349–362.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ye Y., Wang Q., Lu J., Liu C., Yang Y. High-entropy alloy: challenges and prospects. Materials Today. 2016;19(6):349–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATTOD.2015.11.026</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATTOD.2015.11.026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krishna S., Noble N., Radhika N., Saleh B. A comprehensive review on advances in high entropy alloys: Fabrication and surface modification methods, properties, applications, and future prospects. Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2024;109(2022):583–606.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krishna S., Noble N., Radhika N., Saleh B. A comprehensive review on advances in high entropy alloys: Fabrication and surface modification methods, properties, applications, and future prospects. Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2024;109(2022):583–606.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2023.12.039</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2023.12.039</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaushik N., Meena A., Mali H. High entropy alloy synthesis, characterisation, manufacturing &amp; potential applications: a review. Materials and Manufacturing Processes. 2021;371(1):1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2021.2006223</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaushik N., Meena A., Mali H. High entropy alloy synthesis, characterisation, manufacturing &amp; potential applications: a review. Materials and Manufacturing Processes. 2021;371(1):1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2021.2006223</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nene S., Sinha S., Yadav D., Dutta A. Metallurgical aspects of high entropy alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2024;1005:175849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.175849</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nene S., Sinha S., Yadav D., Dutta A. Metallurgical aspects of high entropy alloys. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2024;1005:175849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.175849</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhuo L., Xie Y., Chen B. A review on recent progress of refractory high entropy alloys: from fundamental research to engineering applications. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2024;33:1097–1129.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhuo L., Xie Y., Chen B. A review on recent progress of refractory high entropy alloys: from fundamental research to engineering applications. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2024;33:1097–1129.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.131</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.131</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dewangan S., Mangish A., Kumar S., Sharma A., Ahn B., Kumar V. A review on High-Temperature Applicability: A milestone for high entropy alloys. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. 2022;35: 101211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2022.101211</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dewangan S., Mangish A., Kumar S., Sharma A., Ahn B., Kumar V. A review on High-Temperature Applicability: A milestone for high entropy alloys. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. 2022;35: 101211.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sohrabi M., Kalhor A., Mirzadeh H., Rodak K., Kim H. Tailoring the strengthening mechanisms of high-entropy alloys toward excellent strength-ductility synergy by metalloid silicon alloying: A review. Progress in Materials Science. 2024;144:101295.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2022.101211</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2024.101295</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sohrabi M., Kalhor A., Mirzadeh H., Rodak K., Kim H. Tailoring the strengthening mechanisms of high-entropy alloys toward excellent strength-ductility synergy by metalloid silicon alloying: A review. Progress in Materials Science. 2024;144:101295.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pandey V., Seetharam R., Chelladurai H. A comprehensive review: Discussed the effect of high-entropy alloys as reinforcement on metal matrix composite properties, fabrication techniques, and applications. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2024;1002:175095.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2024.101295</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.175095</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pandey V., Seetharam R., Chelladurai H. A comprehensive review: Discussed the effect of high-entropy alloys as reinforcement on metal matrix composite properties, fabrication techniques, and applications. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2024;1002:175095.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Konovalov S.V., Drobyshev V.K., Panchenko I.A., Li H. Structure and mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys of the cocrzrm-nni system obtained by vacuum induction melting with different Zr and Mn contents. Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies. 2025;(1):21–34. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.18323/2782-4039-2025-1-71-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.175095</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanov Yu.F., Gromov V.E., Osintsev K.A. Structure and properties of high-entropy FeCoCrNiAl alloy coating. Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy. 2022;65(7):467–470.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коновалов С.В., Дробышев В.К., Панченко И.А., Ли Х. Структура и механические свойства высокоэнтропийных сплавов системы cocrzrmnni, полученных вакуумно-индукционной плавкой, с разным содержанием Zr и Mn. Frontier Materials &amp; Technologies. 2025;(1):21–34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">ttps://doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2022-7-467-470</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.18323/2782-4039-2025-1-71-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Drobyshev V.K. Microstructural and fracto-graphic analysis of non-equiatomic alloy of Co ‒ Cr ‒ Fe ‒ Mn ‒ Ni system. Non-Ferrous Metals. 2024;(2):63–68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ivanov Yu.F., Gromov V.E., Osintsev K.A. Structure and properties of high-entropy FeCoCrNiAl alloy coating. Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy. 2022;65(7):467–470.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2024.02.10</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2022-7-467-470</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamal M., Ragunath S., Reddy M., Radhika N., Bassiouny S. Recent Advancements in Lightweight High Entropy Alloys- A Comprehensive Review. International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture. 2024;7(5):699–720.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Drobyshev V.K. Microstructural and fracto-graphic analysis of non-equiatomic alloy of Co ‒ Cr ‒ Fe ‒ Mn ‒ Ni system. Non-Ferrous Metals. 2024;(2):63–68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlmm.2024.06.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.17580/nfm.2024.02.10</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xie X., Li N., Liu W., Huang S., He X., Yu Q., Xiong H., Wang E., Hou X. Research Progress of Refractory High Entropy Alloys: A Review. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2022;35(142). https://doi.org/10.1186/s10033-022-00814-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamal M., Ragunath S., Reddy M., Radhika N., Bassiouny S. Recent Advancements in Lightweight High Entropy Alloys- A Comprehensive Review. International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture. 2024;7(5):699–720.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ragunath S., Radhika N., Saleh B. Advance-ments and future prospects of additive manufacturing in high-entropy alloy applications. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2024;997:174859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.174859</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlmm.2024.06.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nair B., Supekar R., Javid M., Wang W., Zou Y., McDonald A., Mostaghimi J., Stoyanov P. High-Entropy Alloy Coatings Deposited by Thermal Spraying: A Review of Strengthening Mechanisms, Performance Assessments and Perspectives on Future Applications. Metals. 2023;13(3):579. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13030579</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xie X., Li N., Liu W., Huang S., He X., Yu Q., Xiong H., Wang E., Hou X. Research Progress of Refractory High Entropy Alloys: A Review. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2022;35(142). https://doi.org/10.1186/s10033-022-00814-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Osintsev K.A., Konovalov S.V., Gromov V.E.  Research on the structure of Al2.1Co0.3Cr0.5FeNi2.1 high-entropy alloy at submicro- and nano-scale levels. Materials Letters. 2021;294:129717.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ragunath S., Radhika N., Saleh B. Advance-ments and future prospects of additive manufacturing in high-entropy alloy applications. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2024;997:174859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.174859</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2021.129717</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nair B., Supekar R., Javid M., Wang W., Zou Y., McDonald A., Mostaghimi J., Stoyanov P. High-Entropy Alloy Coatings Deposited by Thermal Spraying: A Review of Strengthening Mechanisms, Performance Assessments and Perspectives on Future Applications. Metals. 2023;13(3):579. https://doi.org/10.3390/met13030579</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moghaddam A., Shaburova N., Samodurova M., Abdollahzadeh A., Trofimov E. Additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys: A practical review. Journal of Materials Science &amp; Technology. 2021;77:131–162.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Osintsev K.A., Konovalov S.V., Gromov V.E. Research on the structure of Al2.1Co0.3Cr0.5FeNi2.1 high-entropy alloy at submicro- and nano-scale levels. Materials Letters. 2021;294:129717.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2020.11.029</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2021.129717</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mehranpour M., Sohrabi M., Jalali A., Kalhor A., Heydarinia A., Aghdam M., Mirzadeh H., Malekan M., Shahmir H., Rodak K., Kim H. Coupling different strengthening mechanisms with transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect in advanced high-entropy alloys: a comprehensive review. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2025;926:147914.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moghaddam A., Shaburova N., Samodurova M., Abdollahzadeh A., Trofimov E. Additive manufacturing of high entropy alloys: A practical review. Journal of Materials Science &amp; Technology. 2021;77:131–162.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2025.147914</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2020.11.029</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar A., Singh A., Suhane A. Mechanically alloyed high entropy alloys: Existing challenges and opportunities. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2022;17:2431–2456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.01.141</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mehranpour M., Sohrabi M., Jalali A., Kalhor A., Heydarinia A., Aghdam M., Mirzadeh H., Malekan M., Shahmir H., Rodak K., Kim H. Coupling different strengthening mechanisms with transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect in advanced high-entropy alloys: a comprehensive review. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2025;926:147914.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jarlöv A., Zhu Z., Ji W., Gao S., Hu Z., Vivegananthan P., Tian Y., Kripalani D., Fan H., Seet H., Han C., Tan L., Liu F., Nai M., Zhou K. Recent progress in high-entropy alloys for laser powder bed fusion: Design, processing, microstructure, and performance. Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports. 2024;161:100834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2024.100834</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2025.147914</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adhikari J., Saha P., Mandal P., Sinha S., Seikh A., Mohammed J., Ghosh M. A Review on High Entropy Alloys as Metallic Biomaterials: Fabrication, Properties, Applications, Challenges, and Future Prospects. Biomedical Materials &amp; Devices. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44174-025-00314-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar A., Singh A., Suhane A. Mechanically alloyed high entropy alloys: Existing challenges and opportunities. Journal of Materials Research and Technology. 2022;17:2431–2456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.01.141</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Castro D., Jaeger, P., Baptista, A., Oliveira, J. An Overview of High-Entropy Alloys as Biomaterials. Metals. 2021;11(4):648. https://doi.org/10.3390/MET11040648</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jarlöv A., Zhu Z., Ji W., Gao S., Hu Z., Vivegananthan P., Tian Y., Kripalani D., Fan H., Seet H., Han C., Tan L., Liu F., Nai M., Zhou K. Recent progress in high-entropy alloys for laser powder bed fusion: Design, processing, microstructure, and performance. Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports. 2024;161:100834. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2024.100834</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li W., Xie D., Li D., Zhang Y., Gao Y., Liaw P. Mechanical behavior of high-entropy alloys. Progress in Materials Science. 2021;118:100777 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PMATSCI.2021.100777</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adhikari J., Saha P., Mandal P., Sinha S., Seikh A., Mohammed J., Ghosh M. A Review on High Entropy Alloys as Metallic Biomaterials: Fabrication, Properties, Applications, Challenges, and Future Prospects. Biomedical Materials &amp; Devices. 2025.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tang Y., Wang R., Xiao B., Zhang Z., Li S., Qiao J., Bai S., Zhang Y., Liaw P. A review on the dynamic-mechanical behaviors of high-entropy alloys. Progress in Materials Science. 2023;135:101090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2023.101090</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1007/s44174-025-00314-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu Z., Li Z., Liu Z., Gu C., Zhang Q., Wang L. Advanced Development of High-Entropy Alloys in Catalytic Applications. Small methods. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500411</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Castro D., Jaeger, P., Baptista, A., Oliveira, J. An Overview of High-Entropy Alloys as Biomaterials. Metals. 2021;11(4):648. https://doi.org/10.3390/MET11040648</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ren J., Chen L., Wang H., Yuan Z. High-entropy alloys in electrocatalysis: from fundamentals to applications. Chemical Society reviews. 2023;52:8319–8373.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li W., Xie D., Li D., Zhang Y., Gao Y., Liaw P. Mechanical behavior of high-entropy alloys. Progress in Materials Science. 2021;118:100777 https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PMATSCI.2021.100777</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1039/d3cs00557g</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tang Y., Wang R., Xiao B., Zhang Z., Li S., Qiao J., Bai S., Zhang Y., Liaw P. A review on the dynamic-mechanical behaviors of high-entropy alloys. Progress in Materials Science. 2023;135:101090. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2023.101090</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu C., Wang Y., Zhang Y., Wang L. Additively Manufactured High-Entropy Alloys: Exceptional Mechanical Properties and Advanced Fabrication. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters). 2024;37:3–16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu Z., Li Z., Liu Z., Gu C., Zhang Q., Wang L. Advanced Development of High-Entropy Alloys in Catalytic Applications. Small methods. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202500411</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-023-01644-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ren J., Chen L., Wang H., Yuan Z. High-entropy alloys in electrocatalysis: from fundamentals to applications. Chemical Society reviews. 2023;52:8319–8373.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang W., Chabok A., Kooi B., Pei Y. Addi-tive manufactured high entropy alloys: A re-view on the microstructure and properties. Materials &amp; Design. 2022;220:110875.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1039/d3cs00557g</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110875</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu C., Wang Y., Zhang Y., Wang L. Additively Manufactured High-Entropy Alloys: Exceptional Mechanical Properties and Advanced Fabrication. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters). 2024;37:3–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cagirici M., Guo S., Ding J., Ramamurty U., Wang P. Additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys: Current status and challenges. Smart Materials in Manufacturing. 2024;2:100058 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100058</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-023-01644-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torralba J., Campos M. High Entropy Alloys Manufactured by Additive Manufacturing. Metals. 2020;10(5):639.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang W., Chabok A., Kooi B., Pei Y. Addi-tive manufactured high entropy alloys: A re-view on the microstructure and properties. Materials &amp; Design. 2022;220:110875.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.3390/met10050639</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110875</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gürkan D., Dilibal S. High-entropy alloys in wire arc additive manufacturing: a review. Advanced Manufacturing Research. 2025. https://doi.org/10.21595/amr.2025.24828</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cagirici M., Guo S., Ding J., Ramamurty U., Wang P. Additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys: Current status and challenges. Smart Materials in Manufacturing. 2024;2:100058 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100058</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li J., Huang Y., Meng X., Xie Y. A Review on High Entropy Alloys Coatings: Fabrication Processes and Property Assessment. Advanced Engineering Materials. 2019;21. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201900343</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torralba J., Campos M. High Entropy Alloys Manufactured by Additive Manufacturing. Metals. 2020;10(5):639.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arif Z., Khalid M., Rehman E., Ullah S., Atif M., Tariq A. A review on laser cladding of high-entropy alloys, their recent trends and potential applications. Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2021; 68:225–273.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.3390/met10050639</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.06.041</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gürkan D., Dilibal S. High-entropy alloys in wire arc additive manufacturing: a review. Advanced Manufacturing Research. 2025. https://doi.org/10.21595/amr.2025.24828</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shojaei Z., Khayati G., Darezereshki E. Re-view of electrodeposition methods for the preparation of high-entropy alloys. Interna-tional Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. 2022;29:1683–1696.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li J., Huang Y., Meng X., Xie Y. A Review on High Entropy Alloys Coatings: Fabrication Processes and Property Assessment. Advanced Engineering Materials. 2019;21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2439-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201900343</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xiong W., Guo A., Zhan S., Liu C., Yeh J., Cao S. Refractory high-entropy alloys: A fo-cused review of preparation methods and properties. Journal of Materials Science &amp; Technology. 2022;142:196–215.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arif Z., Khalid M., Rehman E., Ullah S., Atif M., Tariq A. A review on laser cladding of high-entropy alloys, their recent trends and potential applications. Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 2021; 68:225–273.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2022.08.046</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.06.041</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soni V., Sinha A. Effect of Alloying Elements, Phases and Heat Treatments on Properties of High-Entropy Alloys: A Review. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 2022;76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-022-02777-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shojaei Z., Khayati G., Darezereshki E. Re-view of electrodeposition methods for the preparation of high-entropy alloys. Interna-tional Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. 2022;29:1683–1696.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xiao N., Guan X., Wang D., Yan H., Cai M., Jia N., Zhang Y., Esling C., Zhao X., Zuo L. Impact of W alloying on microstructure, mechanical property and corrosion resistance of face-centered cubic high entropy alloys: A review. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. 2023;30:1667–1679.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-022-2439-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2641-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xiong W., Guo A., Zhan S., Liu C., Yeh J., Cao S. Refractory high-entropy alloys: A fo-cused review of preparation methods and properties. Journal of Materials Science &amp; Technology. 2022;142:196–215.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anne B., Shaik S., Tanaka M., Basu A. A crucial review on recent updates of oxidation behavior in high entropy alloys. SN Applied Sciences. 2021;3(336).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2022.08.046</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04374-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soni V., Sinha A. Effect of Alloying Elements, Phases and Heat Treatments on Properties of High-Entropy Alloys: A Review. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals. 2022;76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-022-02777-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dada M., Popoola P., Mathe N. Recent ad-vances of high entropy alloys for aerospace applications: a review. World Journal of Engineering. 2021;20(1):43–74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xiao N., Guan X., Wang D., Yan H., Cai M., Jia N., Zhang Y., Esling C., Zhao X., Zuo L. Impact of W alloying on microstructure, me-chanical property and corrosion resistance of face-centered cubic high entropy alloys: A review. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. 2023;30:1667–1679.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1108/wje-01-2021-0040</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2641-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pickering E., Carruthers A., Barron P., Mid-dleburgh S., Armstrong D., Gandy A. High-Entropy Alloys for Advanced Nuclear Applications. Entropy. 2021;23(1):98.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anne B., Shaik S., Tanaka M., Basu A. A crucial review on recent updates of oxidation behavior in high entropy alloys. SN Applied Sciences. 2021;3(336).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010098</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04374-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lone N., Czerwinski F., Chen D. Present challenges in development of lightweight high entropy alloys: A review. Applied Materials Today. 2024;39:1022996.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dada M., Popoola P., Mathe N. Recent ad-vances of high entropy alloys for aerospace applications: a review. World Journal of Engineering. 2021;20(1):43–74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102296</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1108/wje-01-2021-0040</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu D., Hu S., Fu Y., Zhao N., Liu D. A re-view of preparation methods, friction and wear, corrosion, and biocompatibility of biomedical high-entropy alloys. Journal of Materials Science. 2024; 59:1153–1183.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pickering E., Carruthers A., Barron P., Mid-dleburgh S., Armstrong D., Gandy A. High-Entropy Alloys for Advanced Nuclear Applications. Entropy. 2021;23(1):98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-09314-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.3390/e23010098</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Oliveira T., Fagundes D., Capellato P., Sachs D., Da Silva A. A Review of Biomaterials Based on High-Entropy Alloys. Metals. 2022;12(11):1940. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12111940</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lone N., Czerwinski F., Chen D. Present challenges in development of lightweight high entropy alloys: A review. Applied Materials Today. 2024;39:1022996.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arun S., Radhika N., Saleh B. Exploring the Potential of High Entropy Alloys: A Comprehensive Review on Microstructure, Properties, and Applications. Johnson Matthey Technology Review. 2023;68(4):549–566.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102296</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1595/205651324x17028969538851</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu D., Hu S., Fu Y., Zhao N., Liu D. A re-view of preparation methods, friction and wear, corrosion, and biocompatibility of biomedical high-entropy alloys. Journal of Materials Science. 2024; 59:1153–1183.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cagirici M., Guo S., Ding J., Ramamurty U., Wang P. Additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys: Current status and challenges. Smart Materials in Manufacturing. 2024;2:100058 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100058</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-09314-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torralba, J., Campos, M. High Entropy Alloys Manufactured by Additive Manufacturing. Metals. 10(5):639.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Oliveira T., Fagundes D., Capellato P., Sachs D., Da Silva A. A Review of Biomaterials Based on High-Entropy Alloys. Metals. 2022;12(11):1940. https://doi.org/10.3390/met12111940</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.3390/met10050639</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit72"><label>72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arun S., Radhika N., Saleh B. Exploring the Potential of High Entropy Alloys: A Comprehensive Review on Microstructure, Properties, and Applications. Johnson Matthey Technology Review. 2023;68(4):549–566.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gürkan D., Dilibal S. High-entropy alloys in wire arc additive manufacturing: a review. Advanced Manufacturing Research. 2025. https://doi.org/10.21595/amr.2025.24828</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit73"><label>73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1595/205651324x17028969538851</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li J., Huang Y., Meng X., Xie Y. A Review on High Entropy Alloys Coatings: Fabrication Processes and Property Assessment. Advanced Engineering Materials. 2019;21(8):1900343. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201900343</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit74"><label>74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cagirici M., Guo S., Ding J., Ramamurty U., Wang P. Additive manufacturing of high-entropy alloys: Current status and challenges. Smart Materials in Manufacturing. 2024;2:100058 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smmf.2024.100058</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xiao N., Guan X., Wang D., Yan H., Cai M., Jia N., Zhang Y., Esling C., Zhao X., Zuo L. Impact of W alloying on microstructure, mechanical property and corrosion resistance of face-centered cubic high entropy alloys: A review. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. 2023;30:1667–1679.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit75"><label>75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torralba, J., Campos, M. High Entropy Alloys Manufactured by Additive Manufacturing. Metals. 10(5):639.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2641-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit76"><label>76</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.3390/met10050639</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miracle D.B. High-entropy alloys: a critical review. Materials Research Letters. 2017;5(1):1–19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit77"><label>77</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gürkan D., Dilibal S. High-entropy alloys in wire arc additive manufacturing: a review. Advanced Manufacturing Research. 2025. https://doi.org/10.21595/amr.2025.24828</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gürkan D., Dilibal S. High-entropy alloys in wire arc additive manufacturing: a review. Advanced Manufacturing Research. 2025. https://doi.org/10.21595/amr.2025.24828</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit78"><label>78</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li J., Huang Y., Meng X., Xie Y. A Review on High Entropy Alloys Coatings: Fabrication Processes and Property Assessment. Advanced Engineering Materials. 2019;21(8):1900343. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201900343</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li J., Huang Y., Meng X., Xie Y. A Review on High Entropy Alloys Coatings: Fabrication Processes and Property Assessment. Advanced Engineering Materials. 2019;21(8):1900343. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201900343</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit79"><label>79</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xiao N., Guan X., Wang D., Yan H., Cai M., Jia N., Zhang Y., Esling C., Zhao X., Zuo L. Impact of W alloying on microstructure, me-chanical property and corrosion resistance of face-centered cubic high entropy alloys: A review. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. 2023;30:1667–1679.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xiao N., Guan X., Wang D., Yan H., Cai M., Jia N., Zhang Y., Esling C., Zhao X., Zuo L. Impact of W alloying on microstructure, me-chanical property and corrosion resistance of face-centered cubic high entropy alloys: A review. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials. 2023;30:1667–1679.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit80"><label>80</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2641-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-023-2641-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit81"><label>81</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miracle D.B. High-entropy alloys: a critical review. Materials Research Letters. 2017;5(1):1–19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miracle D.B. High-entropy alloys: a critical review. Materials Research Letters. 2017;5(1):1–19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
