vsgiuВестник Сибирского государственного индустриального университетаBulletin of the Siberian State Industrial University2304 - 44972307-1710Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет"10.57070/2304-4497-2025-3(53)-73-81vsgiu-723Research ArticleРаздел 2. Металлургия и материаловедениеSection 2. Metallurgy and Materials ScienceРАЗРАБОТКА И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ГРАНУЛЯТА НА ОСНОВЕ ПОРОШКА НЕРЖАВЕЮЩЕЙ СТАЛИ 12Х18Н10Т ДЛЯ MIM-ТЕХНОЛОГИИDEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF GRANULATE BASED ON 12Х18Н10ТI STAINLESS STEEL POWDER FOR MIM TECHNOLOGYhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-0442-0044ПархоменкоАндрей ВалерьевичParkhomenkoAndrei V.

аспирант кафедры «Металловедение, порошковая металлургия, наноматериалы»

Graduate Student of the Department of Metallurgy, Powder Metallurgy, Nanomaterials

parhomandr@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-5672АмосовАлександр ПетровичAmosovAleksandr P.

д.ф.-м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой «Металловедение, порошковая металлургия, наноматериалы»

Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Professor, Head of the Department of the Department of Metallurgy, Powder Metallurgy, Nanomaterials

egundor@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-6566-9872ПастуховАлександр МихайловичPastukhovAlexandr M.

аспирант кафедры «Информационно-измерительная техника и метрология»

Graduate Student of the Department of Information and Measuring Equipment and Metrology

alexpastuch@mail.ruСамарский государственный технический университетРоссияSamara State Technical UniversityRussian FederationПензенский государственный университетRussian FederationPenza State UniversityRussian Federation202530092025037381Copyright © Пархоменко А., Амосов А., Пастухов А., 20252025Пархоменко А., Амосов А., Пастухов А.Parkhomenko A., Amosov A., Pastukhov A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/jour/article/view/723

Порошки нержавеющих сталей занимают важное место в современном материаловедении как перспективное сырье для производства высокоточных деталей сложной геометрии с минимальными допусками. Наибольшее распространение в промышленности получила технология металлопорошкового литья с применением полимерных связующих Metal Injection Molding (MIM), которая позволяет сочетать преимущества порошковой металлургии и пластического формования. Рассматриваемый метод особенно востребован при изготовлении миниатюрных компонентов ответственного машиностроительного назначения, где традиционные способы обработки оказываются экономически нецелесообразными или технологически ограниченными. Ключевыми достоинствами MIM-технологии при работе с нержавеющими сталями являются возможность достижения плотности спеченных изделий до 95 ‒ 98 % от теоретической, высокая повторяемость геометрических параметров, а также значительное сокращение механической постобработки. Особый интерес представляет применение аустенитной нержавеющей стали марки 12Х18Н10Т в MIM-технологии, так как изделия на ее основе сочетают высокую коррозионную стойкость и жаропрочность, а также могут использоваться при работе в агрессивных условиях. Исследованы состав и технологические параметры получения гранулята для MIM-процесса с использованием отечественных материалов: порошки стали марки 12Х18Н10Т, полиформальдегидное связующее и технологические добавки (стеариновая кислота, пчелиный воск и полиэтилен высокого давления). Исходный порошок нержавеющей стали имеет правильную сферическую форму частиц размером от 5 до 25 мкм. Применение сканирующей электронной микроскопии, определение показателей текучести расплава термопластов, а также использование пикнометрического метода позволило изучить микроструктуру, реологические и физические свойства полученных гранулятов. Установлено, что образцы из разработанного гранулята соответствуют требованиям нормативных документов.

Stainless steel powders occupy an important place in modern materials science as a promising raw material for the production of high-precision parts of complex geometry with minimal tolerances. The technology of metal powder casting using polymer binders Metal Injection Molding (MIM), which allows combining the advantages of powder metallurgy and plastic molding, has become the most widespread in industry. The method under consideration is particularly in demand in the manufacture of miniature components for responsible engineering purposes, where traditional processing methods are economically impractical or technologically limited. The key advantages of MIM technology when working with stainless steels are the ability to achieve a density of sintered products up to 95 ‒ 98 % of the theoretical, high repeatability of geometric parameters, as well as a significant reduction in mechanical post-processing. Of particular interest is the use of austenitic stainless steel grade 12X18H10T in MIM technology, as its products combine high corrosion resistance and heat resistance, and can also be used when working in aggressive conditions. The composition and technological parameters of granulate production for the MIM process using domestic materials are studied: 12X18H10T grade steel powders, polyformaldehyde binder and technological additives (stearic acid, beeswax and high-pressure polyethylene). The initial stainless steel powder has a regular spherical particle shape ranging in size from 5 to 25 microns. The use of scanning electron microscopy, determination of melt flow characteristics of thermoplastics, as well as the use of the pycnometric method made it possible to study the microstructure, rheological and physical properties of the obtained granules. It has been established that the samples from the developed granulate comply with the requirements of regulatory documents.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.