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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsgiu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Сибирского государственного индустриального университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Siberian State Industrial University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304 - 4497</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-1710</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.57070/10.57070/2304-4497-2022-4(42)-92-99</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsgiu-182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Раздел 3. Металлургия и материаловедение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Section 3. Metallurgy and Materials Science</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ОСТАТОЧНЫХ НАПРЯЖЕНИЙ В ЗОНЕ СВАРНОГО ШВА РЕЛЬСОВ ТИПА Р65 КАТЕГОРИИ ДТ350</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INVESTIGATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDUAL STRESSES IN THE ZONE OF THE WELDED SEAM OF RAILS OF THE R65 TYPE OF THE DT350 CATEGORY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9025-5442</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полевой</surname><given-names>Егор Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polevoy</surname><given-names>Egor</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., начальник отдела, </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of Department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Egor.Polevoj@evraz.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9901-6384</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынов</surname><given-names>Михаил Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynov</surname><given-names>Mikhail</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>главный специалист по сварке</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chief Welding Specialist</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Mikhail.Martynov@evraz.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-8660</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалов</surname><given-names>Сергей Валерьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalov</surname><given-names>Sergey</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор кафедры механики и машиностроения, проректор по научной и инновационной деятельности</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor of the Department of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering, Vice-Rector for Research and Innovation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">konovalov@sibsiu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4721-6821</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумачков</surname><given-names>Илья Игоревич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumachkov</surname><given-names>Ilya</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры механики и машиностроения</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student of the Department of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">I.I.Chumachkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «ЕВРАЗ ЗСМК»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC EVRAZ ZSMK</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Siberian State Industrial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Полевой Е.В., Мартынов М.А., Коновалов С.В., Чумачков И.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Полевой Е.В., Мартынов М.А., Коновалов С.В., Чумачков И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Polevoy E., Martynov M., Konovalov S., Chumachkov I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/jour/article/view/182">https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/jour/article/view/182</self-uri><abstract><p>Рельсы являются важнейшим элементом верхнего строения железнодорожного пути. Для повышения плавности хода, снижения динамических нагрузок в местах соединения все большее распространение получает контактная сварка рельсов в плети в стационарных условиях и алюмотермитная сварка непосредственно в пути. Несмотря на повышение качества соединений, зона сварных стыков вследствие изменения структуры, обусловленной физическими процессами сварки и термообработки, является местом с более низкими механическими характеристиками относительно металла цельнокатаных рельсов. Развитие дефектов в сварных стыковых соединениях является одной из основных причин изъятия рельсов из эксплуатации. Важной составляющей обеспечения качества рельсов и сварных стыков является формирование благоприятной эпюры остаточных напряжений. С целью оценки влияния индукционного нагрева и закалки проведено исследование распределения остаточных напряжений до и после термообработки сварного стыка, полнопрофильных проб рельсов типа Р65 категории ДТ350 из стали марки Э76ХФ текущего производства АО «ЕВРАЗ ЗСМК». Установлено, что в головке рельса преобладают сжимающие остаточные напряжения как до, так и после термической обработки, подогрев снижает общие напряжения до 210 – 264 МПа, максимальные сжимающие напряжения (586 МПа) фиксируются на стыке после упрочняющей термообработки. В шейке рельса преобладают растягивающие напряжения, отмечено резкое увеличение напряжений после упрочняющей термической обработки: напряжения возросли более чем в три раза (с 68 до 254 МПа). После подогрева сварного стыка наблюдается незначительное снижение остаточных напряжений в этой области. В подошве рельса фиксируются сжимающие напряжения с идентичной эпюрой независимо от термической обработки. Минимальные напряжения фиксируются по центру подошвы с последующим увеличением к краю пера. Наибольшая разница (57 – 537 МПа) зафиксирована после упрочняющей термообработки по периметру подошвы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Rails are the most important element of the superstructure of the railway track. To increase the smoothness of the ride, reduce dynamic loads at the junctions of the rails, contact welding of rails in a whip in stationary conditions and aluminothermic welding directly on the way are becoming more common. Despite the improvement in the quality of the joints, the zone of welded joints, due to a change in the structure due to the physical processes of welding and heat treatment, is still a place with lower mechanical characteristics compared to the metal of solid-rolled rails. The development of defects in welded butt joints is one of the main reasons for removing rails from service. An important component of ensuring the quality of rails and welded joints is the formation of a favorable diagram of residual stresses. In order to assess the effect of induction heating and hardening, a study was made of the distribution of residual stresses before and after heat treatment of the welded joint, full-profile samples of R65 type rails of the DT350 category of steel grade E76HF, the current production of EVRAZ ZSMK JSC. It has been established that compressive residual stresses predominate in the rail head both before and after heat treatment, heating reduces the overall stress level to the level of 210–264 MPa, the maximum compressive stress level equal to 586 MPa is fixed at joint No. 224, after hardening heat treatment. Tensile stresses predominate in the neck of the rail, a sharp increase in stresses after hardening heat treatment was noted, the stress level increased more than three times, from 68 MPa to 254 MPa. After heating the welded joint, a slight decrease in residual stresses in this area is observed. Compressive stresses are recorded in the rail sole, with identical diagram, regardless of heat treatment. A minimum of stress is fixed in the center of the sole, with a subsequent increase towards the edge of the feather. The greatest difference was recorded after hardening heat treatment, from 57 MPa to 537 MPa, respectively.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рельсы</kwd><kwd>контактная стыковая сварка</kwd><kwd>сварной стык</kwd><kwd>болтовой стык</kwd><kwd>остаточные напряжения</kwd><kwd>индукционный нагрев</kwd><kwd>дифференцированная термическая обработка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rails</kwd><kwd>flash butt welding</kwd><kwd>welded joint</kwd><kwd>bolted joint</kwd><kwd>residual stress</kwd><kwd>induction heating</kwd><kwd>differential heat treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Старовойтов М.М., Ваганова О.Н. Ключе-вые ориентиры развития путевого комплекса // Путь и путевое хозяйство. 2021. № 12. С. 2–4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Starovoitov M.M., Vaganova O.N. 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