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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsgiu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Сибирского государственного индустриального университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Siberian State Industrial University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304 - 4497</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-1710</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.57070/2304-4497-2023-2(44)-20-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsgiu-146</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Раздел 2. Металлургия и материаловедение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Section 2. Metallurgy and Materials Science</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КРИТЕРИЙ КОРОБЛЕНИЯ ПРИ ТЕРМИЧЕСКОЙ ОБРАБОТКЕ   СИММЕТРИЧНЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>CRITERION OF WARPING DURING THE HEAT TREATMENT OF SYMMETRIC PRODUCTS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2579-3014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капуткин</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Ефимович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaputkin</surname><given-names>Dmitry</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.т.н., профессор кафедры физики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Prof. of Department of Physics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.kaputkin@mstuca.aero</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный технический университет гражданской авиации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Капуткин Д.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Капуткин Д.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kaputkin D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/jour/article/view/146">https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/jour/article/view/146</self-uri><abstract><p>В процессе термической обработки изменение температуры всегда происходит неравномерно по объему изделия. При этом возникают термические (в более холодных зонах – растягивающие, а в более нагретых – сжимающие) и фазовые напряжения. Теория термической обработки материалов утверждает, что при симметричном нагреве или охлаждении однородных изделий простой формы термические напряжения оказываются распределенными симметрично, изгибающий момент равен нулю, изменения формы (коробление, поводки) возникать не должны. При определенных условиях коробление возможно при симметричном нагревании или охлаждении однородного симметричного объекта. Во время изменения температуры внутри изделия возникают области с макронапряжениями растяжения и сжатия. Возникающие нормальные напряжения создают две скомпенсированные силы (растяжения и сжатия). Как известно из теории сопротивления материалов, если сжимающая сила превышает критическую, то даже при симметричном распределении напряжений происходит потеря устойчивости сжатия (коробление объекта). Следовательно, получаем безразмерный критерий, при превышении критического значения которого (для пластины – 2,6, для стержня – 2,2) появляется опасность неконтролируемого изменения формы (коробления) даже при абсолютно симметричном нагреве или охлаждении в ходе термической обработки. Эксперимент подтвердил проведённые теоретические оценки. Опасность такого коробления следует учитывать при назначении режимов термической обработки симметричных изделий (листов, полос, дисков, стержней).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>During the heat treatment process, the temperature change always occurs unevenly over the volume of the product. At the same time, thermal (stretching in colder zones, and compressive in more heated ones) and phase stresses arise. The theory of heat treatment of materials states that with symmetrical heating or cooling of homogeneous products of simple shape, thermal stresses are distributed symmetrically, the bending moment is zero, shape changes (warping, leashes) should not occur. Under certain conditions, warping is possible with symmetrical heating or cooling of a homogeneous symmetrical object. During temperature changes inside the product, areas with macro stresses of stretching and compression arise. The resulting normal stresses create two compensated forces (stretching and compression). As is known from the theory of resistance of materials, if the compressive force exceeds the critical one, then even with a symmetrical distribution of stresses, there is a loss of compression stability (warping of the object). Consequently, we obtain a dimensionless criterion, if the critical value of which is exceeded (for the plate – 2.6, for the rod – 2.2), there is a danger of uncontrolled shape change (warping) even with absolutely symmetrical heating or cooling during heat treatment. The experiment confirmed the theoretical estimates. The danger of such warping should be taken into account when assigning heat treatment modes for symmetrical products (sheets, strips, disks, rods).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коробление</kwd><kwd>поводки</kwd><kwd>термическая обработка</kwd><kwd>термические напряжения</kwd><kwd>распределение напряжений</kwd><kwd>исследование</kwd><kwd>нагрев</kwd><kwd>охлаждение</kwd><kwd>критерий коробления</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>warping</kwd><kwd>heat treatment</kwd><kwd>thermal stresses</kwd><kwd>stress distribution</kwd><kwd>heating</kwd><kwd>cooling</kwd><kwd>heating</kwd><kwd>cooling</kwd><kwd>warping criterion</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Новиков И.И., Строганов Г.Б., Новиков А.И. Металловедение, термообработка и рентгенография. 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