vsgiuВестник Сибирского государственного индустриального университетаBulletin of the Siberian State Industrial University2304 - 44972307-1710Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет"10.57070/2304-4497-2023-1(43)-66-75vsgiu-142Research ArticleРаздел 3. Металлургия и материаловедениеSection 3. Metallurgy and Materials ScienceФОРМИРОВАНИЕ НЕОДНОРОДНОСТЕЙ И ДЕФЕКТОВ В СТРУКТУРЕ КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ И ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНО-ГРАДИЕНТНЫХ БИМЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ МЕТОДОМ ПРОВОЛОЧНОЙ ЭЛЕКТРОННО-ЛУЧЕВОЙ АДДИТИВНОЙ ТЕХНОЛОГИИFORMATION OF INHOMOGENEITIES AND DEFECTS IN THE STRUCTURE OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND FUNCTIONAL-GRADIENT BIMETALLIC COMPONENTS PRODUCED BY WIRE-BASED ELECTRON-BEAM ADDITIVE MANUFACTURINGhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1983-4385ЧумаевскийАндрей ВалерьевичChumaevskiiAndrey V.

д.т.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории локальной металлургии в аддитивных технологиях

Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher of Local Metallurgy in Additive Technologies

vestnicsibgiu@sibsiu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8648-0743ПанфиловАлександр ОлеговичPanfilovAleksandr O.

аспирант, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории структурного дизайна перспективных материалов

postgraduate student, Junior researcher at the Laboratory of Structural Design of Advanced Materials

vestnicsibgiu@sibsiu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8779-3784ЗыковаАнна ПетровнаZykovaAnna P.

к.ф.-м.н., старший научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией структурного дизайна перспективных материалов

Cand. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Senior Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Structural Design of Advanced Materials

vestnicsibgiu@sibsiu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0348-1869РубцовВалерий ЕвгеньевичRubtsovValery E.

к.ф.-м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией контроля качества материалов и конструкций

Cand. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Leading Researcher, Head of the Laboratory for Quality Control of Materials and Structures

vestnicsibgiu@sibsiu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1984-9720КняжевЕвгений ОлеговичKnyazhevEvgeny O.

аспирант, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории структурного дизайна перспективных материалов

postgraduate student, Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Structural Design of Advanced Materials

clothoid@ispms.tsc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9534-775XОсиповичКсения СергеевнаOsipovichKseniya S.

младший научный сотрудник лаборатории локальной металлургии в аддитивных технологиях

Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Local Metallurgy in Additive Technologies

osipovich_k@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7215-0505СеменчукВячеслав МаксимовичSenemchukVyacheslav M.

аспирант, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории локальной металлургии в аддитивных технологиях

postgraduate student, Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Local Metallurgy in Additive Technologies

svm70@ispms.tsc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2303-8015УтягановаВероника РифовнаUtyaganovaVeronika R.

младший научный сотрудник лаборатории локальной металлургии в аддитивных технологиях

Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Local Metallurgy in Additive Technologies

filaret_2012@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9431-0226НиконовСергей ЮрьевичNikonovSergey Yu.

к.ф.-м.н., ведущий инженер лаборатории физики упрочнения поверхности

Cand. Sci. (Phys.-math.), Leading Engineer, Laboratory of Surface Hardening Physics

vestnicsibgiu@sibsiu.ruДобровольскийАртем РомановичDobrvolskiiArtem R.

аспирант, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории структурного дизайна перспективных материалов

postgraduate student, Junior researcher at the Laboratory of Structural Design of Advanced Materials

artdobrov@ispms.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7288-3656КолубаевЕвгений АлександровичKolubaevEvgeny A.

д.т.н., заведующий лабораторией локальной металлургии в аддитивных технологиях

Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Laboratory of Local Metallurgy in Additive Technologies

vestnicsibgiu@sibsiu.ruИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАН РоссияInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАНRussian FederationInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАНRussian FederationInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАНRussian FederationInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАНRussian FederationInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy  of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАНRussian FederationInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАНRussian FederationInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут физики прочности и материаловедения СО РАНRussian FederationInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy  of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут физики прочности и  материаловедения СО РАНRussian FederationInstitute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202323052025016675Copyright © Чумаевский А.В., Панфилов А.О., Зыкова А.П., Рубцов В.Е., Княжев Е.О., Осипович К.С., Семенчук В.М., Утяганова В.Р., Никонов С.Ю., Добровольский А.Р., Колубаев Е.А., 20252025Чумаевский А.В., Панфилов А.О., Зыкова А.П., Рубцов В.Е., Княжев Е.О., Осипович К.С., Семенчук В.М., Утяганова В.Р., Никонов С.Ю., Добровольский А.Р., Колубаев Е.А.Chumaevskii A., Panfilov A., Zykova A., Rubtsov V., Knyazhev E., Osipovich K., Senemchuk V., Utyaganova V., Nikonov S., Dobrvolskii A., Kolubaev E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/jour/article/view/142

В работе представлены результаты исследований особенностей формирования дефектов и неоднородностей в композиционных материалах с металлической матрицей и биметаллических изделиях на основе разнородных металлов и сплавов при получении методом проволочной аддитивной электронно-лучевой технологии. Основными дефектами при печати композитов и биметаллических элементов являются поры, микро- и макротрещины, а также расслоения различного типа. Из неоднородностей структуры можно выделить образующиеся агломераты порошковых частиц, вводимых одновременно с подачей проволоки; крупные фрагменты различных компонентов структуры; интерметаллидные прослойки. На эксплуатационные характеристики образцов данные элементы структуры могут оказывать негативное влияние, в том числе обуславливать резкое падение механических свойств. Основными причинами формирования дефектов различных типов являются несоблюдение оптимальных значений параметров процесса и концентрации компонентов, а также значительные отличия в плотности и температуре плавления структурных составляющих. Модификация процесса подачи материала в зону печати позволяет добиваться относительно однородной структуры различных композиционных материалов и отсутствия крупных дефектов.

The paper presents the results of studies of the formation of defects and inhomogeneities in composites with a metal matrix and bimetallic products based on dissimilar metals and alloys when obtained by wire additive electron-beam technology. The main defects in the production of composites and bimetallic elements are pores, micro- and macro-cracks, as well as stratifications of different types. From the inhomogeneities of the structure, it is mainly possible to distinguish the resulting agglomerates of powder particles introduced simultaneously with the wire feed, large fragments of different components of the structure and the resulting large intermetallic structures. These structural elements can have a negative influence on the strength properties of materials, cause a sharp drop in mechanical properties. The main reasons for the formation of defects of different types are non-compliance with the optimal values of the process parameters, excess of the optimal concentration of components, significant differences in the density and melting temperature of the structural components. Despite the presence of defects, the modification of the process of feeding the material into the printing zone makes it possible to achieve a relatively homogeneous structure of different composite materials and high values of mechanical properties.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.