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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vsgiu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Сибирского государственного индустриального университета</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Siberian State Industrial University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2304 - 4497</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2307-1710</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Сибирский государственный индустриальный университет"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.57070/2304-4497-2023-4(46)-88-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vsgiu-119</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Раздел 2. Металлургия и материаловедение</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Section 2. Metallurgy and Materials Science</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСОБЕННОСТИ СОСТАВА И МИКРОСТРУКТУРЫ ПОРИСТЫХ КАРКАСОВ   МАХ-ФАЗ Ti3AlC2 И Ti3SiC2, ПОЛУЧАЕМЫХ МЕТОДОМ СВС НА ВОЗДУХЕ  И В ЗАЩИТНОЙ ОБОЛОЧКЕ ИЗ ПЕСКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FEATURES OF THE COMPOSITION AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF POROUS SKELETONS OF MAX-PHASES TI3ALC2 AND TI3SIC2 PRODUCED BY SHS METHOD IN AIR AND IN A PROTECTIVE SHELL OF SAND</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5469-8588</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдов</surname><given-names>Денис Михайлович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydov</surname><given-names>Denis</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры металловедения, порошковой металлургии, наноматериалов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student of Department “Metal Science, Powder Metallurgy, Nanomaterials”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">davidovd77@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1994-5672</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амосов</surname><given-names>Александр Петрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amosov</surname><given-names>Aleksandr</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.ф.-м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой металловедения, порошковой металлургии, наноматериалов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Head of Department “Metal Science, Powder Metallur-gy, Nanomaterials”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">egundor@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2071-3521</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Латухин</surname><given-names>Евгений Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Latukhin</surname><given-names>Evgeny</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н.,  доцент кафедры металловедения, порошковой металлургии, нано-материалов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of Department “Metal Science, Powder Metallurgy, Nano-materials”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evgelat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2050-6899</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Умеров</surname><given-names>Эмиль Ринатович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Umerov</surname><given-names>Emil</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> аспирант кафедры металловедения, порошковой металлургии, наноматериалов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate student of Department “Metal Science, Powder Metallurgy, Nanomaterials</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">umeroff2017@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>Владислав Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>Vladislav</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.т.н., доцент кафедры металловедения, порошковой металлургии, наноматериалов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Assist. Prof. of Department “Metal Science, Powder Metallurgy, Nano-materials”</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vladislav_novyi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Самарский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Давыдов Д.М., Амосов А.П., Латухин Е.И., Умеров Э.Р., Новиков В.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Давыдов Д.М., Амосов А.П., Латухин Е.И., Умеров Э.Р., Новиков В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Davydov D., Amosov A., Latukhin E., Umerov E., Novikov V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/jour/article/view/119">https://vestnik.sibsiu.ru/jour/article/view/119</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматривается простой и недорогой способ синтеза пористых каркасов МАХ-фаз Ti3SiC2 и Ti3AlC2 методом СВС на воздухе и в засыпке из речного песка, при котором не требуется применения закрытого реактора со специальной атмосферой или вакуумом. Исследование макроструктуры синтезированных образцов на основе МАХ-фаз карбоалюминида титана и карбосилицида титана показало, что у образцов одинаковая пористость порядка 50 – 60 %, открытая пористость составляет около 40 %. Средний размер пор колеблется от 10 до 350 мкм. Микроструктура пористых каркасов Ti3SiC2 и Ti3AlC2 представляет собой характерные разнонаправленные блоки пластин МАХ-фаз, а также незначительное количество равноосных частиц TiC, окруженных однородной фазой TiSi или TiAl соответственно. Показано, что синтез пористых каркасов на воздухе приводит к образованию оксидных и нитридных фаз, плотно покрывающих поверхности, толщиной до 100 мкм. Процесс СВС под слоем песка позволяет уменьшить среднюю толщину оксидных и нитридных пленок на поверхности СВС-каркаса до 20 мкм. На синтезированных образцах обнаружен подповерхностный слой, состоящий из двух фаз: TiC – TiSi в каркасе Ti3SiC2 и TiC – TiAl в каркасе Ti3AlC2, толщина которого снижается с 50 мкм (СВС на воздухе) до 30 мкм (СВС под слоем песка). Установлено, что в закрытых порах оксидные и нитридные пленки отсутствовали в связи с тем, что к ним не было доступа атмосферных газов при остывании образцов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A simple and inexpensive method for the synthesis of porous skeletons of MAX phases Ti3SiC2 and Ti3AlC2 by the SHS method in air and in river sand filling, in which the use of a closed reactor with a special atmosphere or vacuum is not required, is considered. The study of the macrostructure of synthesized samples based on the MAX phases of titanium aluminum carbide and titanium silicon carbide showed that the samples have the same porosity of about 50 – 60 %, the open porosity is about 40 %. The average pore size ranges from 10 to 350 microns. The microstructure of the porous Ti3SiC2 and Ti3AlC2 frameworks consists of characteristic multidirectional blocks of MAX-phase plates, as well as a small number of equiaxed TiC particles surrounded by a single TiSi or TiAl phase, respectively. It is shown that the synthesis of porous frameworks in air leads to the formation of oxide and nitride phases that tightly cover surfaces up to 100 microns thick. The SHS process under a layer of sand makes it possible to reduce the average thickness of oxide and nitride films on the surface of the SHS frame to 20 microns. A subsurface layer consisting of two phases was found on the synthesized samples: TiC – TiSi in the Ti3SiC2 frame and TiC – TiAl in the Ti3AlC2 frame, the thickness of which is reduced from 50 microns (SHS in air) to 30 microns (SHS under a layer of sand). It was found that oxide and nitride films were absent in closed pores due to the fact that atmospheric gases did not have access to them when the samples cooled</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>самораспространяющийся высокотемпературный синтез</kwd><kwd>каркас</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>дефекты</kwd><kwd>открытая и закрытая пористость</kwd><kwd>оксидная пленка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>self-propagating high-temperature synthesis</kwd><kwd>skeleton</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>defects</kwd><kwd>open and closed porosity</kwd><kwd>oxide film</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белов С.В. Пористые материалы в машиностроении. Москва: Машиностроение, 1981:184.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belov S.V. Porous materials in mechanical engineering. Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1981:184. 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